The Covid-19 pandemic was a global outbreak of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, starting in late 2019 and officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020[1][2][3]. It led to widespread illness, death, and major societal disruptions worldwide[4].
Covid-19 remains one of the most significant global public health events in modern history, both for its scale and its long-lasting social impact[4][10].