PDVSA is Venezuela’s state‑owned oil and gas company, historically the main source of the country’s export revenue and a central symbol of national sovereignty.[1][2]
What PDVSA is
- Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PDVSA) is a fully state‑owned, vertically integrated national oil company that explores, produces, refines, and exports oil and gas. ⭐ [3][1]
- It was created on 1 January 1976 when Venezuela nationalized its oil industry, consolidating foreign concessions into a single state company.[2][1]
How it is run
Workforce and internal makeup
How Venezuelans view PDVSA